Characterisation of detachment in the MAST-U Super-X divertor using multi-wavelength imaging of 2D atomic and molecular emission processes

In this work, we provide the first 2D spatially resolved description of radiative detachment in MAST-U Super-X L-mode divertor plasmas. The Super-X magnetic configuration was designed to achieve reduced heat- and particle loads at the divertor target compared to conventional exhaust solutions. We use filtered camera imaging to reconstruct 2D emissivity profiles in the poloidal plane for multiple atomic and molecular emission lines and bands. A set of deuterium fuelling scans is discussed that, together, span attached to deeply detached divertor states observed in MAST-U. Emissivity profiles facilitate separate analysis of locked-mode induced split branches of the scrape-off layer. Molecular deuterium Fulcher band emission front tracking reveals that the deuterium electron-impact ionisation front, for which it serves a proxy, detaches at different upstream electron densities in the split branches. Upon detachment of this ionisation front, Balmer emission attributed to molecular activated recombination appears near-target. We report a simultaneous radial broadening of the emission leg, consistent with previous SOLPS-ITER modelling. With increased fuelling this emission region detaches, implying electron temperatures below ∼ 1 eV. In this phase, 2D Balmer line ratio reconstruction indicates an onset of volumetric direct electron-ion recombination near-target. At the highest fuelling rates this emission region moves off-target, suggesting a drop in near-wall electron density accompanying the low temperatures.</p

2D electron cyclotron emission imaging at ASDEX Upgrade (invited)

The newly installed electron cyclotron emission imaging diagnostic on ASDEX Upgrade provides measurements of the 2D electron temperature dynamics with high spatial and temporal resolution. An overview of the technical and experimental properties of the system is presented. These properties are illustrated by the measurements of the edge localized mode and the reversed shear Alfvén eigenmode, showing both the advantage of having a two-dimensional 2D measurement, as well as some of the limitations of electron cyclotron emission measurements. Furthermore, the application of singular value decomposition as a powerful tool for analyzing and filtering 2D data is presented. © 2010 American Institute of Physics

The effects of electron cyclotron heating and current drive on toroidal Alfven eigenmodes in tokamak plasmas

Dedicated studies performed for toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes (TAEs) in ASDEX-Upgrade (AUG) discharges with monotonic q-profiles have shown that electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) can make TAEs more unstable. In these AUG discharges, energetic ions driving TAEs were obtained by ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH). It was found that off-axis ECRH facilitated TAE instability, with TAEs appearing and disappearing on timescales of a few milliseconds when the ECRH power was switched on and off. On-axis ECRH had a much weaker effect on TAEs, and in AUG discharges performed with co- and counter-current electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD), the effects of ECCD were found to be similar to those of ECRH. Fast ion distributions produced by ICRH were computed with the PION and SELFO codes. A significant increase in Te caused by ECRH applied off-axis is found to increase the fast ion slowing-down time and fast ion pressure causing a significant increase in the TAE drive by ICRH-accelerated ions. TAE stability calculations show that the rise in Te causes also an increase in TAE radiative damping and thermal ion Landau damping, but to a lesser extent than the fast ion drive. As a result of the competition between larger drive and damping effects caused by ECRH, TAEs become more unstable. It is concluded, that although ECRH effects on AE stability in present-day experiments may be quite significant, they are determined by the changes in the plasma profiles and are not particularly ECRH specific.EURATOM 633053RCUK Energy Programme P012450/

Fast-ion redistribution and loss due to edge perturbations in the ASDEX Upgrade, DIII-D and KSTAR tokamaks

The impact of edge localized modes (ELMs) and externally applied resonant and non-resonant magnetic perturbations (MPs) on fast-ion confinement/transport have been investigated in the ASDEX Upgrade (AUG), DIII-D and KSTAR tokamaks. Two phases with respect to the ELM cycle can be clearly distinguished in ELM-induced fast-ion losses. Inter-ELM losses are characterized by a coherent modulation of the plasma density around the separatrix while intra-ELM losses appear as well-defined bursts. In high collisionality plasmas with mitigated ELMs, externally applied MPs have little effect on kinetic profiles, including fast-ions, while a strong impact on kinetic profiles is observed in low-collisionality, low q 95 plasmas with resonant and non-resonant MPs. In low-collisionality H-mode plasmas, the large fast-ion filaments observed during ELMs are replaced by a loss of fast-ions with a broad-band frequency and an amplitude of up to an order of magnitude higher than the neutral beam injection prompt loss signal without MPs. A clear synergy in the overall fast-ion transport is observed between MPs and neoclassical tearing modes. Measured fast-ion losses are typically on banana orbits that explore the entire pedestal/scrape-off layer. The fast-ion response to externally applied MPs presented here may be of general interest for the community to better understand the MP field penetration and overall plasma response.Ministerio de Economía y Empresa ((RYC-2011-09152 y ENE2012-31087)Marie Curie (Grant PCIG11-GA-2012-321455)US Department of Energy (DE-FC02-04ER54698, SC-G903402, DE-FG02-04ER54761, DE-AC02-09CH11466 and DE-FG02- 08ER54984)NRF Korea contract 2009-0082012MEST under the KSTAR projec

perbedaan Pengaruh Latihan Kombinasi Lari-Lompat Tanah Datar dan Tanah Berpasir Terhadap Peningkatan Power Otot Tungkai Pada Mahasiswa Pembinaan Prestasi Taekwondo POK FKIP UNS Tahun 2017

ABSTRAK Alif Fatkhurahman. PERBEDAAN PENGARUH LATIHAN KOMBINASI LARI-LOMPAT TANAH DATAR DAN TANAH BERPASIR TERHADAP PENINGKATAN POWER OTOT TUNGKAI PADA MAHASISWA PEMBINAN PRESTASI TAEKWONDO POK FKIP UNS TAHUN 2017. Skripsi, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta. Maret 2018. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untukmengetahui: 1) Pengaruh latihan kombinasi lari – lompat tanah datar terhadap peningkatan Power Otot Tungkai pada mahasiswa pembinan prestasi taekwondo POK FKIP UNS Tahun 2017. 2) Pengaruh latihan kombinasi lari – lompat tanah berpasir terhadap peningkatan Power Otot Tungkai pada mahasiswa pembinan prestasi taekwondo POK FKIP UNS Tahun 2017. 3) Perbedaan pengaruh latihan kombinasi lari – lompat tanah datar dan tanah berpasir terhadap peningkatan Power Otot Tungkai pada mahasiswa pembinan prestasi taekwondo POK FKIP UNS Tahun 2017. Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimen, populasi dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa putra pembinaan prestasi taekwondo POK FKIP UNS yang berjumlah 20 mahasiswa. Sampel dalam penelitian ini dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, kelompok 1 sejumlah 10 orang dengan mendapatkan pelatihan lari-lompat tanah datar dan kelompok 2 sejumlah 10 orang dengan mendapatkan pelatihan lari-lompat tanah berpasir. Proses pembagian kelompok menggunakan teknik ordinal pairing. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji t-test. Hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa ada pengaruh latihan kombinasi lari-lompat tanah datar terhadap peningkatan Power Otot Tungkai pada mahasiswa pembinaan prestasi taekwondo POK FKIP UNS Tahun 2017, hal ini ditunjukkan dengan nilai thitung = 12,537 > ttabel = 1,83 ini berarti ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara data pre test dengan data post test pada kelompok eksperimen 1 (latihan kombinasi lari-lompat di tanah datar). Ada pengaruh latihan kombinasi lari-lompat tanah berpasir terhadap peningkatan Power Otot Tungkai pada mahasiswa pembinaan prestasi taekwondo POK FKIP UNS Tahun 2017, hal ini ditunjukkan dengan thitung = 14,581 > ttabel = 1,83 ini berarti ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara data pre test dengan data post test pada kelompok eksperimen 2 (latihan kombinasi lari-lompat di tanah berpasir). Ada perbedaan pengaruh latihan kombinasi lari-lompat tanah datar dan tanah berpasir terhadap peningkatan Power Otot Tungkai pada mahasiswa pembinaan prestasi taekwondo POK FKIP UNS Tahun 2017, hal ini ditunjukkan dengan nilai thitung = 3,131 > ttabel = 1,83. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa metode latihan kombinasi lari-lompat di tanah berpasir lebih baik dibandingkan dengan metode latihan kombinasi lari-lompat di tanah datar terhadap peningkatan power otot tungkai mahasiswa pembinaan prestasi taekwondo POK FKIP UNS Tahun 2017. Kata kunci: Power otot tungkai, metode latihan lari-lompat, tanah datar, tanah berpasir. �ABSTRACT Alif Fatkhurahman. INFLUENCE of DIFFERENCE EXERCISE COMBINATION RUN-JUMP FLAT GROUND and SANDY SOIL AGAINST INCREASED POWER LIMB MUSCLES on STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT COACHING FKIP UNS POK TAEKWONDO YEAR 2017. Thesis, Faculty of teacher training and educational sciences of the University Sebelas maret Maret Surakarta. March 2018. The purpose of this research is untukmengetahui: 1) the influence of combination of exercise running jump – flat ground against increased Power limb muscles on student achievement pembinan FKIP UNS POK taekwondo Year 2017. 2) influence of combination of exercise running jump – sandy soil against increased Power limb muscles on student achievement pembinan FKIP UNS POK taekwondo Year 2017. influence of Difference exercise 3) combination of the run – skip the flat ground and sandy soil against increased Power limb muscles on student achievement pembinan FKIP UNS POK taekwondo Year 2017. This research is experimental, the population and the sample in this research is a student son coaching taekwondo POK FKIP UNS achievements that add up to 20 students. The sample in this research are divided into two groups, group 1 a number of 10 people by getting the training run-flat ground and jump Group 1 a number of 10 people by getting the training run-jump-sandy soil. The process uses ordinal group Division pairing. Data analysis techniques using a t-test test. The research results obtained conclusions that there was influence of exercise a combination of run-flat land the jump to increased Power limb muscles on student achievement coaching taekwondo POK FKIP UNS Year 2017, it is indicated by the value of thitung = 12.537 > ttabel = 1.83 this means there is a significant difference between the data pre test post test data on the experimental group 1 (combination workouts run-jump across flat ground). There is the influence of combination of exercise running jump-sandy soil to increased Power limb muscles on student achievement coaching taekwondo POK FKIP UNS Year 2017, it is indicated with thitung = 14.581 > ttabel = 1.83 this means there are differences that significantly between the data pre test post test data on the experimental group 2 (practice run-jump combination in the sandy soil). There is a difference of influence of exercise running-jump combination flat ground and sandy soil to increased Power limb muscles on student achievement coaching taekwondo POK FKIP UNS Year 2017, it is indicated by the value of thitung = ttabel > 3.131 = 1.83. These results indicate that the method combination exercises run-jump across the sandy soil is better compared with the method of exercise combinations run-jump across the flat land to increased power student achievement coaching limb muscles taekwondo POK FKIP UNS The year 2017. Keywords: Power method of limb muscles, exercise run-jump, flat ground, sandy soil